Non-linear structural analysis

When the structure changes as the load is applied.

Material yielding and damage, large displacement and evolving contact can fundamentally change how a structure carries load. Non-linear analysis captures behaviour that a linear approximation cannot.

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Concrete specimen under three-point bending

Go beyond first yield and small-displacement assumptions.

Many engineering questions begin where linear static analysis stops. Stiffness may change as materials yield, geometry may alter the load path, components may come into or out of contact, and damage may localise progressively.

We use non-linear analysis to follow those mechanisms through the load history and identify the response that actually governs the design.

Material non-linearity

Yielding, hardening, damage, cracking and other constitutive behaviour.

Geometric non-linearity

Large displacement, rotation and stiffness changes as geometry evolves.

Contact non-linearity

Opening, closing, sliding and load transfer between interacting parts.

Progressive response

Load–displacement behaviour and failure mechanisms through the complete event.

Concrete material example

Investigating flexural response and post-cracking load-carrying capacity.

This three-point bending simulation illustrates the non-linear response of concrete under flexural loading. Non-linear FEA can be used to compare the cracking behaviour and load-carrying capacity of plain concrete, conventionally reinforced concrete, fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) and hybrid rebar–FRC configurations.

Typical applications

Non-linear methods for realistic structural behaviour.

Concrete & civil structures

Cracking, reinforcement, damage and load redistribution in structural products.

Metal structures

Plastic collapse, local yielding, buckling interaction and residual strength.

Joints & interfaces

Fasteners, contact interfaces and load paths that change as the assembly deforms.

Quasi-static loading

Slow structural events where large deformation or material response remains strongly non-linear.

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Need to understand behaviour beyond the linear elastic range?

We can help choose an appropriate non-linear modelling strategy and extract the response that matters to the design decision.

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